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One of the oldest houses for workers in Central Romana Corporation (CR), the floor is concrete, cracked and the walls are made of wood planks and tin, roof is tin planks.  From the inside is lock by moving a board, on the outside a padlock.

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Detail of the floor condition of the house.

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The view of the front of a house, the majority have few windows; hardly any garbage collection, mostly it is burned.

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Old house for workers; the floor is concrete, the walls are from wooden planks, roof it is tin.   The cables going into the house show that there was electricity here; but not anymore.

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View of a row of houses for workers, on the right side, is the only water accessible to them via a faucet, streets are not paved, and there is always dust.

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A woman carrying water to her house, a task mostly done by women and children. On the right another woman does laundry, clothes are never really washed because of the system, passing clothes from a container with soap and another with clear water, far right is the wood used for cooking.

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Outside of a house made of concrete blocks and a tin roof.  Workers ask CR to be allowed to plant fruit trees or orchards, but they are denied; thus, increasing their misery.

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A woman outside her house, at the rickety table, are lemons for sale, while clothes hang to dry in the window.

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An outhouse next to a worker's house, the door does not function anymore. On the right is a small cornfield, the only one I saw next to a worker’s house.

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Light comes thru a window in a worker's house, which is just one room; nest to the window are a few eggs.

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Interior of a house, the wooden crossbar is used for storage, and plastic bags hanging from nails are used for extra storage.  There are no drawers or cabinets to store anything, neither clothes nor food.  Security in the window it is done by an iron crossbar.

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Sneakers hanging at the entrance of a house from a nail.

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This house has 2 doors to allow for ventilation, in the far end sits the dweller, food is stored in a plastic container (far left), and plastic jugs are used for carrying water.  At right is a second chair, and behind is his bed.  The concrete floor is cracked.

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Cooking inside his house in a makeshift stove out of tin cans, he houses coal for all his meals, thus the house is smoky.  His furniture consists of a table, a small chair, and a bed.

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Inside a house of workers in Central Romana.  This house is made from concrete blocks and the windows are from aluminum.  There is only one window and a door.  Holes are from old nails used to hang clothes or bags.

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Inside a house of workers in Central Romana.  This house is made from concrete blocks and the windows are from aluminum.  There is only one window and a door.  Holes are from old nails used to hang clothes or bags.

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A corner of a house with plastic containers for water, and a thermos is a priority to bring water to the field; clothes hang from a rope between walls.

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A woman in her house next to charcoal bags, the main fuel in the bateys for cooking.

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A woman stands in her house the concrete floor is cracked and the bed is supported by old tin cans, the walls are stained with soot from many years of cooking with charcoal, and one of the few houses I saw has a table for eating.

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A small market behind iron bars: on the top shelf is a stove for cooking and paper napkins on a bag; below it is rum on the left shelf, and at the right is cooking oil. On another shelf can goods like sardines and crackers.  In the foreground is a scale for weighing rice and beans mostly.

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Laundry on a sunny day, on a table a solar panel is used to charge cell phones which provide entertainment and communication.

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A woman plows a kitchen outside her house for lunch; this row of houses has a sidewalk around the front that permits doing a task like this or escaping the heat inside the house.

House.

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Inside the house a small table and plastic container for storage; clothes hang from nails in the walls.

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On the left are foam pieces used for the children to sleep, while on left is a bed for the parents; the floor is concrete and the walls of wood.

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In a room with clothes on a bucket and a wooden bench on the right side, light blares thru the cracks in the wooden wall.

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Kitchen in  a worker's house.

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Preparing beans for dinner on a charcoal stove, next to it are a few pumpkins.

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To start the fire sometimes plastic bags are used, resulting in absorbing the fumes from it.

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At the right is the bed of a worker supported by pieces of concrete blocks, next to it is a table with a small gas stove that is no longer used for the difficulty of filling the gas cylinders, beneath old cooking oil container used for water, at right is the charcoal stove.

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A young girl carries 4 gallons of water to her house.

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A view of modern bateys constructed by Central Romana in the foreground are kitchens that are numbered to each individual house.  Made out of concrete floor walls, the roof is tin.

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On left are not so old bateys, on the right are the modern ones.  For ventilation, there is only a window and a door.

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Inside one of the newer bateys; enough space for a bed and a small table.  Cooking it is done in a space designed outside for it.

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Cooking in one of the kitchens provided for workers by Central Romana. They are made of cinder blocks, one window and a door, not electricity or gas. Cooking it is done on a charcoal grill. La Romana province, Dominican Republic.

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View of a kitchen, enough room to stand next to stove; near the wall is a sack of charcoal and a few provisions. Under the stove are bags with rice and beans and a few pots.

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A worker made paper mache sculptures with found materials.  A local gift shop comes and buys the sculptures at a modest price.

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The worker uses a nail polish brush to paint due to the lack of material, he is self-taught; interestingly Central Romana runs the prestigious school of the Arts Altos de Chavon which also is affiliated with the Parsons School of Design in NYC.

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A water tank is the only water available to the residents of this Batey, behind it is sugar cane.  The tanks are pulled by a tractor and left in the road for the resident to use.

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In one of the few Batey where there is electricity children watch a tablet, while another one, sleeps on the floor, to avoid the heat of the day.

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An elderly woman that lost her husband, and according to the neighbors she is insane; she spent the day in the house and the neighbors provided her with food or medical attention. La Romana province, Dominican Republic.

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A casket from a worker sits in his old house for the wake.

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A man riding a horse among the sugar plantations of Central Romana, could be that he is a Mayoral?

Media
Workers at Central Romana. Poor, dispossessed, exploited and countryless.
pedro farias-nardi
Nov 29, 2022

Workers at Central Romana. Poor, dispossessed, exploited and countryless.


Let truth be the prejudice.

W. Eugene Smith

Texto en castellano al final.

Photography means social commitment. Commitment to the people, their environments, and the society in which we live. A commitment I apply to every project I do. I was commissioned last fall by Mother Jones magazine and Reveal News to photograph the bateyes (workers’ dwelling places around sugar cane fields) of Central Romana Corporation, owned by the Fanjul family.


Recently U.S. Customs and Border Protection issued a ban on raw sugar and sugar-based products produced in the Dominican Republic by the owners of Domino Sugar as well as Hershey’s main shareholders.  


This ban couldn’t be at a worse time, since the Dominican Government is increasing the return of illegal immigrants to their country of origin: Haiti. As a result, the media, social networks and lots of people are speaking again of US interference in our country. It may be said that this is true, but this does not take away the deplorable and shameful living conditions of Haitian workers that you can see in these images.


The U.S. Customs and Border Protection report (link provided at the bottom of this article) states that DR sugar cane field working conditions have been studied since 2011.   I wonder why, if these complaints are more than a decade old, the living conditions of these people have not improved.


Under CAFTA-DR Article 16.2.1, the Dominican Republic Government is compelled not to "fail to effectively enforce its labor laws, through a sustained or recurring course of action or inaction, in a manner affecting trade between the Parties."


According to the Mother Jones and Reveal News articles from January 2022 (link below), 15 Democratic lawmakers referenced this investigation in calling on three federal agencies, including U.S. Customs and Border Protection, to address "slavery-like" conditions in the Dominican sugar industry. Their letter urged the agencies to review the alleged violations and consider the Biden administration's policy options, including banning any products produced by forced labor.


Workers’ living conditions belong to extreme poverty. Most houses, which range from wood and cement floors, don’t have electricity; the water supply is a communal tap or a tank left by a tractor on the road. Everybody cooks with charcoal, which makes me wonder where it comes from and who produces it. I am talking about deforestation here, but that is another topic.  Photography only focuses on what can be seen, but I don't know how to transmit to the observer the smell of sweat, smoke, humidity, and food in every house, due to poor ventilation and cramped space.


Children sleep on pieces of foam quilt. I never saw a closet, only ropes tied in the corners to hang belongings;  candles are used for light at night. Thanks to technology, many charges their cell phones with small solar panels.  Food is cooked on tin stoves, made locally from old cans.

Many of the workers complained about not being able to grow vegetables, a forbidden practice by the Corporation. This leaves them exposed to the high prices of retailers.


I don’t show people because the Corporation has an unwritten rule on not talking to journalists, and not appearing in front of cameras. It makes me wonder if the Dominican Republic has a law regarding the free association of people.  Maybe the right word is citizen, but some of them are not.   Those who engage with “foreigners” outside the company are marked or expelled.

I met 30-year-old people who were born in Central Romana’s bateyes with no possibility of improvement at all. Some dare and manage to go out to work in the informal sector of La Romana, but they are the few.  


DR naturalization laws do not recognize as citizens or legal immigrants people born in the country from parents that are not legal in the country, as a result, those born in the bateyes are not a citizen of this country.  This allows law regarding allows Central Romana what is called in sociology a "reserve army proletarians", which guarantees cheap and easy labor for the corporation because the only way to have a livelihood is inside the corporation’s limits.  Even worse is the case of women, whose future is to get married, cook, give birth, and wash clothes.  I met a woman who had lived in the CR for more than 20 years whose husband died in an accident -not related to the CR - and they expelled her from the property.  She washes clothes and does small jobs in the vicinity.  Interestingly, I talked to some people who worked when CR belonged to Gulf and Western (US company), and they all told me life was much better then.


I have documented Guatemalans living and working in the Poza Rica refugee camps in Mexico between 1990 and 1992.  Then, in 2010 and 2011, I visited the Northwest Line bateyes.  I never saw that kind of misery, maybe compared to the cotton pickers' houses that I visited in India in 2006; but here there was a glimpse of hope or a possible future. In Central Romana’s bateyes, could not see that.


Links:

https://revealnews.org/article/us-bans-sugar-imports-dominican-republic-producer/

https://revealnews.org/podcast/the-bitter-work-behind-sugar/

https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2021/12/central-romana-sugar-hoyo-de-puerco-demolished/

https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2021/09/sugar-central-romana-fanjul-dominican-republic/

https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/interactive/2021/central-romana-tax-haven-south-dakota/

https://jacobin.com/2021/10/haitian-dominican-republic-sugarcane-immigration-poverty-rights

Below is: THE PUBLIC REPORT OF REVIEW OF U.S. SUBMISSION 2011-03 (DOMINICAN REPUBLIC

https://www.dol.gov/sites/dolgov/files/ILAB/legacy/files/20130926DR.pdf

https://www.dol.gov/sites/dolgov/files/ILAB/legacy/files/Dominican%20Republic%20Sixth%20Periodic%20Review%20Statement%20(English).pdf

https://theintercept.com/2022/10/14/dominican-sugar-central-romana-fanjul-domino/


Trabajadores del Central Romana. Pobres, desposeídos, explotados y sin patria.

Que la verdad sea el prejuicio.

W. Eugene Smith


La fotografía significa compromiso social. Compromiso con las personas, sus entornos y la sociedad en la que vivimos. Un compromiso que aplico a cada proyecto que hago. La revista Mother Jones y Reveal News me encargaron el otoño pasado que fotografiara los bateyes (viviendas de los trabajadores en torno a los campos de caña de azúcar) de la Corporación Central Romana, propiedad de la familia Fanjul.


Recientemente, el Servicio de Aduanas y Protección de Fronteras de Estados Unidos emitió una prohibición sobre el azúcar en bruto y los productos a base de azúcar producidos en la República Dominicana (RD) por los propietarios de Domino Sugar, así como por los principales accionistas de Hershey.  


Esta prohibición no podía llegar en peor momento, ya que el Gobierno dominicano está aumentando el retorno de inmigrantes ilegales a su país de origen: Haití.  En consecuencia, los medios de comunicación, las redes sociales y muchas personas vuelven a hablar de la injerencia de Estados Unidos en nuestro país. Se puede decir que es cierto, pero eso no quita las deplorables y vergonzosas condiciones de vida de los trabajadores haitianos que se pueden ver en estas imágenes.


El informe de la Oficina de Aduanas y Protección Fronteriza de los Estados Unidos (enlace proporcionado al final de este artículo) afirma que las condiciones de trabajo en los campos de caña de azúcar de la RD han sido estudiadas desde 2011.  Me pregunto por qué, si estas quejas tienen más de una década, las condiciones de vida de estas personas no han mejorado.


Según el artículo 16.2.1 del CAFTA-DR, el Gobierno de la República Dominicana está obligado a no "dejar de aplicar efectivamente sus leyes laborales, mediante un curso de acción o inacción sostenido o recurrente, de manera que afecte el comercio entre las Partes."

Según los artículos de Mother Jones y Reveal News de enero de 2022 (enlace más abajo), 15 legisladores demócratas se refirieron a esta investigación al pedir a tres agencias federales, incluida la de Aduanas y Protección de Fronteras de Estados Unidos, que abordaran las condiciones "similares a la esclavitud" en la industria azucarera dominicana. Su carta instaba a las agencias a revisar las presuntas violaciones y a considerar las opciones políticas de la administración Biden, incluyendo la prohibición de cualquier producto producido por el trabajo forzado.


Las condiciones de vida de los trabajadores pertenecen a la pobreza extrema. La mayoría de las casas, que tienen suelos de madera y cemento, no tienen electricidad; el suministro de agua es un grifo comunal o un tanque dejado por un tractor en la carretera. Todo el mundo cocina con carbón vegetal, lo que me hace preguntarme de dónde viene y quién lo produce. Me refiero a la deforestación, pero ese es otro tema.  La fotografía sólo se centra en lo que se puede ver, pero no sé cómo transmitir al observador el olor a sudor, a humo, a humedad y a comida que hay en cada casa, debido a la escasa ventilación y al espacio reducido.


Los niños duermen sobre trozos de colcha de espuma. Nunca vi un armario, sólo cuerdas atadas en las esquinas para colgar las pertenencias; se utilizan velas para alumbrar por la noche. Gracias a la tecnología, muchos cargan sus teléfonos móviles con pequeños paneles solares.  La comida se cocina en cocinas de hojalata, fabricadas localmente con latas viejas. 

Muchos de los trabajadores se quejan de no poder cultivar verduras o platanos, una práctica prohibida por la Corporación. Esto les deja expuestos a los altos precios de los comerciantes.


No muestro a la gente porque la Corporación tiene una norma no escrita de no hablar con los periodistas, y de no aparecer delante de las cámaras. Me hace preguntarme si la República Dominicana tiene una ley sobre la libre asociación de las personas.  Tal vez la palabra correcta sea ciudadano, pero algunos no lo son.   Los que se relacionan con "extranjeros" fuera de la empresa son señalados o expulsados.  Conocí a personas de 30 años que nacieron en los bateyes de Central Romana sin posibilidad de mejorar en absoluto. Algunos se atreven y logran salir a trabajar en el sector informal de La Romana, pero son los menos.  


Las leyes de naturalización de RD no reconocen como ciudadanos o inmigrantes legales a las personas nacidas en el país de padres que no son legales en el país, por lo que los nacidos en los bateyes no son ciudadanos de este país.  Esto permite que la ley permita al Central Romana lo que se llama en sociología un "ejército de reserva de proletarios", que garantiza mano de obra barata y fácil para la corporación porque la única forma de tener un sustento es dentro de los límites de la corporación.  Peor aún es el caso de las mujeres, cuyo futuro es casarse, cocinar, dar a luz y lavar la ropa.  Conocí a una mujer que llevaba más de 20 años viviendo en el CR cuyo marido murió en un accidente -no relacionado con el CR- y la expulsaron de la propiedad.   Ella lava la ropa y hace pequeños trabajos en los alrededores.  Curiosamente, hablé con algunas personas que trabajaban cuando el CR pertenecía a Gulf y Western (compañía de USA) y todos me dijeron que la vida era mucho mejor entonces.

He documentado a guatemaltecos que viven y no podían trabajar en los campos de refugiados de Poza Rica, en México, entre 1990 y 1992.   Luego, en 2010 y 2011, visité los bateyes de la Línea Noroeste.  Nunca había visto ese tipo de miseria, tal vez en comparación con las casas de los recolectores de algodón que visité en la India en 2006; pero aquí había un atisbo de esperanza o de un posible futuro. En los bateyes de Central Romana, no pude ver eso.


Enlaces:

https://revealnews.org/article/us-bans-sugar-imports-dominican-republic-producer/

https://revealnews.org/podcast/the-bitter-work-behind-sugar/

https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2021/12/central-romana-sugar-hoyo-de-puerco-demolished/

https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2021/09/sugar-central-romana-fanjul-dominican-republic/

https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/interactive/2021/central-romana-tax-haven-south-dakota/

https://jacobin.com/2021/10/haitian-dominican-republic-sugarcane-immigration-poverty-rights

Below is: THE PUBLIC REPORT OF REVIEW OF U.S. SUBMISSION 2011-03 (DOMINICAN REPUBLIC

https://www.dol.gov/sites/dolgov/files/ILAB/legacy/files/20130926DR.pdf

https://www.dol.gov/sites/dolgov/files/ILAB/legacy/files/Dominican%20Republic%20Sixth%20Periodic%20Review%20Statement%20(English).pdf

https://theintercept.com/2022/10/14/dominican-sugar-central-romana-fanjul-domino/


Pedro Farias-Nardi

Pedro Farias Nardi is a photojournalist based in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.
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